Search results for "Management economics"
showing 10 items of 23 documents
True prices, latent prices and the Ghosh model : some inconsistencies
2001
Beside the traditional Leontief demand-driven model, there is the Ghosh supply-driven model. This paper explores the typology of the possible models: demand driven models versus supply driven models, true prices versus latent (or index) prices, coefficients in physical terms versus coefficients in value. This demonstrates that the supply-driven model offers results of limited interest, being incapable to separate quantities and prices; and it is only when a very strange hypothesis is chosen -- demand prices, controlled by the buyer -- that the supply-driven model gives an interesting result with a separation between quantities and prices in the solution, becoming the dual of the Leontief mo…
Models and mecanisms in economics : attempt to clarify their relationships
2000
The article is an attempt to clarify the relationship between economic models and mechanisms. The latter refer to causal processes and interactions. What role do they play in models? One must distinguish between models as non-linguistic constructs and models in the more usual sense of formal systems of definitions and mathematical relations. Models in the second sense are interpreted as purporting to characterise or describe in part models in the first sense. Thus the fact that there is no explicit reference to process-based mechanisms in many formal models does not mean that these mechanisms do not play an essential role in the non-linguistic models that these formal models describe in an …
On the consistency of the commodity-based technology in make-use model of production
2001
In the Stone make-use model, the industry-based technology is consistent because his solution can be explained in variational terms inside a circuit. However, the alternative model, the commodity-based technology, is not economically realistic: it never corresponds to a circuit, even if an exact solution can be found when the number of commodities is equal to the number of industries. This model hesitates between a supply-driven and a demand-driven model but when it is converted into a true supply-driven one, it retrieves a consistency.
Modelling suburbanization (success and limits of microeconomics of cities)
2001
History of population and employment suburbanization, mainly in the United States, suggests three characteristics of the phenomenon. 1/ Suburbanization results in urban sprawl in such a way that population and employment increase more rapidly in the periphery than in thecenter. 2/ Suburbanization leads to the emergence of new activity centers in the periphery and gives rise to multicentric urban structures. 3/ Suburbanization différenciâtes the economic contents and functions of these activity centers and brings a new organization of urban centres.In this framework, suburbanization takes different forms depending of periods and regions. The emergence of centers and the transformation from m…
La dollarisation des économies émergentes
2002
Current discussions about dollarization/euroization are built on substitution models and cost/benefits analysis. This working paper aims to go beyond these explanations based on a functionalist definition of money. An institutionalist definition of money advocates analyzing de facto dollarization more broadly as a legitimacy crisis of the unit of account that damages monetary sovereignty and of whom authorities try to check in a kind o f institutional resistance. A macroeconomic definition of money involves questionning full and de jure dollarization consistency with both of principles guiding the monetary economy of production: (1) endogeneity of money; (2) merger between monetary space an…
Une analyse économique de l'exploitation et de la production de la notoriété médiatique (le cas du cinéma hollywoodien)
2000
In the motion pictures industry, the producers are faced to face with a great uncertainty relating to the financial success of films. In order to maximize probabilities of returns, one of the strategies at their’s disposal consists in exploiting the great box office power that stars are supposed to possess. We call star system traditionally this exploitation of stars’ box office power. In our opinion, a more accurate definition of star system can be stated : insofar as the stars’ box office power originates from artistic notoriety and/or popularity, the star system can also be defined as the exploitation of stars’ artistic notoriety and/or stars’popularity. Our aim consists in providing her…
Qualitative methods of structural analysis : layer-based methods are informationally trivial
2000
Some methods of qualitative structural analysis, as MFA, are based on the analysis of layers (flow matrices generated at each iteration when the equilibrium of an input-output model is computed). MFA mixes the analysis of the pure structure of production (the technical coefficients) and of the final demand. I have demonstrated that all column-coefficient matrices (or row-coefficient matrices) computed from each layer are the same in MFA: the information brought by one layer is identical to those of another layer. For a given structure of production, the only element of variability over layers is caused by the flows that final demand generates.If the new definition of layers proposed by the …
Financement des investissements et calculs de rentabilité
1988
L'objet de cet exposé est de fournir quelques éléments sur la prise en compte du financement des investissements lors des calculs de rentabilité. La première partie (section 1) sera consacrée à la comparaison des calculs de rentabilité globale et des calculs de rentabilité des capitaux propres dansle cas où l'on suppose qu'il n'y a pas de rationnement du capital
Econométrie spatiale (2, Hétérogénéité spatiale)
2000
Spatial econometric methods aim at taking into account the two special characteristics of spatial data: spatial autocorrelation, which is the lack of independence between geographical observations, and spatial heterogeneity, which is related to the differentiation of variables and behaviors in space. These techniques have been mostly developed the last ten years and are more often applied in empirical studies with geographical data. The aim of this article is to present the way spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity can be incorporated in regression relationships and to present the estimation and inference procedures adapted to the models incorporating these two effects. This art…
Marginalist analysis of Ricardian division and reasoning
1992
Pour mener à bien l' étude nous organiserons notre travail autour des trois thèmes suivants:I. La rente ricardienne et la répartition.II. La rente est-elle compatible avec l'hypothèse de la concurrence pure et l'équilibre général?III. On ne peut pas établir une analogie entre la théorie marginaliste de la répartition et la rente ricardienne